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In situations where breastfeeding is not possible or breast milk supply is insufficient—especially for preterm infants—infant formula is the most suitable alternative to ensure proper nutrition. Today’s formulas are carefully developed to closely resemble the nutritional composition of human milk, supporting healthy growth, immune function, and organ development.  It’s also important to recognize that infant…

The infant gut microbiota – a bustling ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, and other microbes – begins to take shape in the earliest days of life.   While birth mode and feeding practices are well-known influencers, a growing body of research shows that ethnicity and culture also play pivotal roles in shaping this microbial landscape.   These early…

The infant gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem that significantly influences immune development, nutrient metabolism, and overall health.  Disruptions in this system, such as those caused by antibiotics or cesarean delivery, may be counteracted through targeted nutritional interventions using prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics.  Prebiotics are nondigestible dietary fibers that selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial…